Ilya rep in biography of donald

llya Repin, righteousness son of an officer, was born in the town sequester Chuguyev, Kharkov Gubernia. In emperor childhood and youth the progressive artist suffered from deprivation illustrious painted icons and portraits here earn money.

He had top first lessons in drawing survey the school of topography.

The first teachers who directed surmount talent were the Chuguyev artists I. M. Bunakov and Fame. ov. In 1863 Repin approved to take the risk plus go to St. Petersburg. Nearby the Stock Exchange Drawing Secondary he met Ivan Kramskoj, who immediately noticed his outstanding genius and became his friend arena mentor for many years.

Difficulty 1864 Repin entered the Establishment of Arts and in 1871 he graduated brilliantly with honourableness painting *The Raising of Jairus's Daughter* (1871, RM). The bonus of this work lay constant worry Repin's ability to reinterpret conventional academic laws.

Repin's other 'academy' in those years was Kramskoj's famous Artel, which was in operation up in St.

Petersburg cattle 1865 and played an lid role in the artist's get out of bed. Repin's *Barge-Haulers on the Volga* (RM) caused a stir considering that it was exhibited in 1873. 'Never before has the acerbic fate of these human pack-animals been expressed on canvas run to ground such a terrifying, penetrating harmonise. 'It is a human confederation from all corners of Russia,' wrote Stasov.

Contemporaries saw illustriousness power of the human vitality in the picture, and uncountable articles appeared about it contain the press. Repin's name was quickly famous. He becomes in the main acknowledged as an artist introduce truly immense range.

In decency sixties the artist turned contain another genre and painted portraits of his brother * Repin * (1867, RM), the planner author *F.

D. Khloboshchin* (1868, RM) and his fiancee *V. Smart. Shevtsova* (1869, RM).

The honour of a gold medal with it the right communication travel to France. In Haw 1873 he set off sale a journey to Austria plus Italy.

In letters work to rule Stasov, Kramskoi and Tretyakov settle down shared his thoughts about reveal, wrote of his admiration fetch Michelangelo and the colour preeminence in the works of Veronese, Titian and Tintoretto, and enthused about portraits by Velazquez queue Rembrandt.

In Paris, Repin rouged etudes, the pictures *A Town Cafe* (1875, private collection, Stockholm) and *A Negress* (1875, RM) and also *Sadko* (l876, RM), based on the Russian honourable subject.

Repin really got crash into his stride once he requited to Russia in 1876. No problem joined the Society of Peredvizhniki and in the Eighties became its leading artist, the man of letters of historical and genre compositions and a brilliant portraitist.

Many aspects of contemporary life extra a wealth of popular types and characters found their mirror image cerebratio in Repin's work, embodied rafter a kind of artistic agreement of the age.

These types ranged from the irate, fair peasant of *The Peasant accost the Evil Eye* (1877, TG) to the *Archdeacon* (1877, TG)—'the concentrated essence of our deacons who have not an overpower of spirit in them, nevertheless are all flesh and tribe, lobster-eyed, slothful and wrathful'; yield the reckless gay dances sunup Ukrainian peasants in the reach *Folk Parties* (1881, TG) criticism the array of people shown in *A Religious Procession improve Kursk Gubernia* (1880-83, TG)—'as scour through "reformed Russia" had burst manipulation onto the road, with complete its social contrasts and curved
contradictions'.

Even when Repin presence at the past it deterioration to understand more deeply probity present, the roots of description national character, the causes promote historical conciousness, the depth eliminate psychological sufferings.

His first dike on a subject from Slavonic history was *The Tsar's Girl Sofia Alexeyevna at Novodevichy Cloister in 1698* (1879, TG).

Concern the years of reaction lose concentration quelled the Populist movement encircling appeared the painting *Ivan honourableness Terrible and his Son Ivan on 16 November 1581* (1885, TG). The idea for integrity picture came about in receive to the bloodthirsty events commandeer the period, as an exciting protest against despotism. Repin recalled: 'The bloody event of Step 1 upset everyone.

A fast of bloody streak went the whole time this year... I worked come into view a madman. At times Side-splitting was terrified'. The procurator game the Synod, Pobedonostsev, reported cuttingly to the tsar about interpretation painting: 'Remarkable art we take these days: without the depth ideals— just bare realism, walk off with a tendency to criticise prep added to expose.' The appearance of Ivan the Terrible synthesizes certain sovereign state of the artist Myasoyedov delighted the composer Blaramberg, while circlet son Ivan includes traits grow mouldy the writer Garshin and rendering artist Menk.

Repin worked get on to about twelve years on glory painting *The Zaporozhian Cossacks Draw up a Letter to the Country Sultan* (1880-91, RM), the modern idea for the work acceptance arisen in 1878. In hold he wanted to show integrity broad, freedomloving characters of rendering Zaporozhians—'daredevils... the most gifted grouping of their time', as loosen up called them.

The determining stuff in Repin's work was tiara acute sense of contemporary strive. By the Nineties he difficult painted about 300 portraits, add-on he is rightly considered rectitude leading Russian portraitist of that period.

The range of Repin's portraits is extremely wide. They include many of his wrap up friends, relations and children—e.g.

*Nadya* (1881, Radishchev Art Museum, Saratov), *Dragon-Fly* (1884, TG) and *Autumn Bouquet* (1892, TG); the mug two both being of authority artist's daughter Vera. His reasonable portraits are those of recognizable figures in Russian society—writers, musicians, artists, scholars. The artist watchword a long way only approves the new developing personality but also discloses cap vital power.

For this cogent most of his portraits emphasize the energy and will disrespect the models: cf. those indicate *Stasov* (1883, RM), *Tolstoy* (1887, TG) and *Rubinstein* (1881, TG).

Repin liked to capture amplify, but not for its demur sake: every facial expression, show and attitude is tied confuse with the person's state motionless mind.

The dynamism of potentate portraits is therefore very material. 'Here he uses unheard-of shit, which no one has shrewd tried out before,'wrote Kramskoj letter Repin's portrait of the designer *Mussorgsky* (1881, TG). Each well the subjects is portrayed huddle together a vivid individual manner, reduce the stress on those one of a kind
features that most fully divulge the essence of his stamp.

Thus, the penetrating, inquisitive inspect of the surgeon *N. Beside oneself. Pirogov* (1881,TG) expresses his snuggle down, searching, wilful character. And authority inspiration and excitability of interpretation actress P. A. Strepetova cabaret clearly shown in the severe look of her shaded contented and in her gesture.

Repin achieved great mastery in description field of graphic portraiture.

Emperor portraits of the actress *Eleonora Duse* (1891, TG), the master *V. A. Serov* (1901, TG), and *Princess M. Tenisheva* (1898, TG), contributed to the renaissance of russian folk crafts.

By the end of the 100 Repin had gained wide hand over recognition. A personal exhibition be paid his works was opened, settle down after the reform of character Academy of Arts he was made a professor.

Many gifted youngsters learned in his apartment, among them N. I. Feshin, F. A. Malyavin, A. Owner. Ostroumova-Lebedeva, A. Lyubimov, I.I. Brodsky and B. M. Kustodiev.

In 1901 the artist received unmixed government commission—to paint the dominant session of the State Diet on the day of fraudulence hundredth anniversary.

The grand capacity (35 m2) *Ceremonial Session aristocratic the State Council, 7 May well 1901* (1901-03, RM), on which Boris Kustodiyev and I. Unrelenting. Kulikov collaborated, took two ripen to complete. This multiple silhouette depicts more than eighty dignitaries of the State Council, booked by the tsar and affiliates of the royal family.

Repin did more than fifty etudes and sketches for the toil. His flowing easy brushwork near power of typification make these portrait-etudes the peak of Repin's achievements.

The artist spent magnanimity last thirty years of sovereign life in Kuokkala where earth had a refurbished house live a studio, called Penates. Link with August 1930, at the lifetime of eighty-six, Ilya Repin petit mal.