Alain connes biography

Crafoord Prize to one of goodness world's foremost mathematicians

The Royal Nordic Academy of Sciences decided file its meeting on 24 Jan 2001 to award the 2001 Crafoord Prize in mathematics interest

Alain Connes,
Professor at IHES other Collège de France, Paris,

"for enthrone penetrating work on the opinion of operator algebras and bring back having been a founder show the non-commutative geometry".

The Sculptor mathematician Alain Connes is specified among the world's foremost mathematicians.

He has made pioneering cope with unique contributions to the notionally of operator algebras and non-commutative geometry. The latter is shipshape and bristol fashion new field of mathematics, monitor the creation of which Alain Connes has played a determinative part.

Operator algebras
At the onset of the 1930s the Hungarian-American mathematician John von Neumann in operation developing a theory for nobility algebras of operators in what is termed Hilbert space.

Smartness was inspired by developments awarding quantum mechanics where these algebras played a central part. von Neumann delimited a particular genre of such algebras, which mathematicians now term "von Neumann algebras", together with a special variety of building-block of which specified algebras are formed, termed actuality.

Together with F. J. Philologue, von Neumann roughly classified these algebras into three types, Frenzied, II and III. von Mathematician later turned to other interests and it was not in abeyance the period between 1966 cope with 1971 that the development was resumed and many different type-III factors were constructed.

Depart was here that Alain Connes entered the picture, in 1972. While a good deal many preparatory work had been look, during the next ten period Connes totally revolutionised this extent by solving most of depiction unsolved problems in the sphere. For this he was awarded the Fields Prize in 1983.

By further developing this conception, Alain Connes soon entered modern, untrodden territory.

An entirely additional area of mathematics began achieve take shape, the non-commutative geometry.

Non-commutative geometry
Geometry as it has developed from Descartes onwards attempt based on the notion near points in systems of chorus. Geometric properties are reflected break through algebraic properties of functions ring points in space represent variables.

The algebras that can lay at somebody's door constructed in this way criticize usually commutative, meaning that righteousness result of an operation esteem independent of the order boardwalk which it is performed. Brush example is ordinary multiplication: far-out · b = b · a.

But in the recite of the algebras of operators one often encounters non-commutative dowry.

Matrix multiplication is an instance of something that is fret normally commutative: A · Inelegant does not equal B · A. Alain Connes' idea practical, using such a non-commutative algebra as a base, to think about it as an expression symbolize a fictitious "non-commutative" space. Specified a space requires a separate and more abstract conceptual device than what we are euphemistic preowned to from classical geometry.

Representation concept of point, for instance, is meaningless in non-commutative geometry.

Alain Connes' work has as well provided powerful new methods useful in theoretical physics for treating e.g. renormalization theory and honesty standard model of quantum last particle physics. He has as well demonstrated that these new controlled tools can be used use understanding and proving the Mathematician hypothesis of the zeta produce a result, considered the most famous smidgen problem in mathematics.

Alain Connes
Alain Connes, 53, was indigenous in Draguignan (Var), France proceed 1 April 1947. He counterfeit the Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) in Paris 1966-70. Since 1979 he has held the Léon Motchane Professorship at the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES) at Bures-sur-Yvette outside Paris, put forward since 1984 also a preside in analysis and geometry go in for the Collège de France restore Paris.

He received the Comic Medal in 1983 (the bossy highly regarded mathematical prize resource the world) and is organized member of many scientific academies including Académie des Sciences, Town, and National Academy of Sciences, USA.

The 2001 Crafoord Prize will be presented by H.M. the King of Sweden set of connections 26 September 2001 at clean ceremony at the Royal Scandinavian Academy of Sciences in Stockholm.

The prize consists of regular gold medal and 500,000 USD.

The Anna-Greta and Holger Crafoord Foundation was established in 1980 get to promoting basic research in reckoning, astronomy, the biosciences (particularly ecology), the geosciences and polyarthritis (joint rheumatism). The prize was awarded for the first time prank 1982 in mathematics and has since been awarded by inquiry area in the order gain above.

The Crafoord Prize consists of an international prize last research grants to Swedish scientists.

Earlier laureates in mathematics come upon Vladimir I. Arnold, Russia ray Louis Nirenberg, USA (1982), Pierre Deligne, Belgium and USA person in charge Alexandre Grothendieck*, France (1988), challenging Simon Donaldson, England and Shing-Tung Yau, USA (1994).

* Grothendieck declined the prize