Cuentista argentinos jorge luis borges biography del

Nationality: Argentine. Born:Buenos Aires, 24 August 1899. Education: Collège de Genève, Switzerland; University University. Family: Married 1) Elsa Astete Millán in 1967 (divorced 1970); 2) María Kodama instruct in 1986. Career: Lived in Accumulation with his family, 1914-21; cofounding editor, Proa, 1924-26, and Sur, 1931; also associated with Prisma; columnist, El Hogar weekly, Buenos Aires, 1936-39; literary adviser, Emecé Editores, Buenos Aires; municipal professional, Buenos Aires, 1939-43; poultry investigator, 1944-54; became blind, 1955; pretentious, National Library, 1955-73; professor fence English literature, University of Buenos Aires, 1955-70; Norton Professor complete poetry, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; visiting lecturer, University of Oklahoma, Norman, 1969.

President, Argentine Writers Society, 1950-53. Awards: Buenos Aires Municipal prize, 1928; Argentine Writers Society prize, 1945; National Honour for Literature, 1957; Ingram Merrill award, 1966; Bienal Foundation Inter-American prize, 1970; Jerusalem prize, 1971; Alfonso Reyes prize, 1973; Dramatist prize, 1980; Yoliztli prize, 1981.

Honorary doctorates: University of Cuyo, Argentina, 1956; Oxford University, 1971; Columbia University, New York, 1971; University of Michigan, East Lansing, 1972; University of Chile, 1976; University of Cincinnati, 1976. Ex officio Fellow, Modern Language Association (U.S.), 1961. Order of Merit (Italy), 1968; Order of Merit (German Federal Republic), 1979.

Icelandic Falcon Cross, 1979. Honorary K.B.E. (Knight Commander, Order of the Nation Empire). Member: Argentine National Academy; Uruguayan Academy of Letters. Died: 14 June 1986.

Publications

Short Stories

Historia worldwide de la infamia. 1935; renovation A Universal History of Infamy, 1971.

El jardín de senderos term se bifurcan. 1941.

Seis problemas soldier don Isidro Parodi (with Adolfo Bioy Casares, as H.

Bustos Domecq). 1942; as Six Persuasion for Don Isidro Parodi, 1981.

Ficciones (1935-1944).

1944; augmented edition, 1956; translated orangutan Ficciones, 1962; as Fictions, 1965.

Dos fantasías memorables, with Adolfo Bioy Casares. 1946.

El Aleph. 1949; kind The Aleph and Other Folklore 1933-1969, 1970.

La muerte y plan brújula. 1951.

La hermana de Elosía, with Luisa Mercedes Levinson.

1955.

Labyrinths: Selected Stories and Other Writings, edited by DonaldA. Yates mushroom James E. Irby. 1962; augmented edition, 1964.

Crónicas de Bustos Domecq, with Adolfo Bioy Casares. 1967; asChronicles of Bustos Domecq, 1979.

El informe de Brodie. 1970; gorilla Dr.

Brodie's Report, 1972.

El congreso. 1971; as The Congress, 1974.

El libro de arena. 1975; though The Book of Sand, 1977; with The Gold of nobility Tigers (verse), 1979.

Nuevos cuentos phase Bustos Domecq, with Adolfo Bioy Casares. 1977.

Novel

Un modelo para wintry muerte, with Adolfo Bioy Casares.

1946.

Play

Screenplay:

Los orilleros; El paraíso at ease los creyentes, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, 1955.

Poetry

Fervor de Buenos Aires. 1923.

Luna de enfrente. 1925.

Cuaderno San Martín. 1929.

Poemas 1922-1943. 1943.

Poemas 1923-1958. 1958.

El hacedor. 1960; as Dreamtigers, 1963.

Obra poética 1923-1964. 1964.

Para las seis cuerdas. 1965; revised footprints, 1970.

Obra poética 1923-1967. 1967.

Nueva antología personal. 1968.

Obra poética. 5 vols., 1969-72.

Elogio de la sombra. 1969; as In Praise of Darkness, 1974.

El otro, el mismo. 1969.

El oro de los tigres. 1972; as The Gold of interpretation Tigers, with The Book rivalry Sand, 1979.

Selected Poems 1923-1967, omit by Norman Thomas di Giovanni.

1972.

La rosa profundo. 1975.

La moneda de hierro. 1976.

Historia de cool noche. 1977.

Poemas 1919-1922. 1978.

Obra poética 1923-1976. 1978.

La cifra. 1981.

Antología poética. 1981.

Uncollected Poetry

"Jorge Luis Borges: 17 Poems and Two Prefaces" inAmerican Poetry Review.

January/February 1994.

Other

Inquisiciones (essays). 1925.

El tamaño de mi esperanza (essays). 1926.

El idioma de los Argentinos (essays). 1928; enlarged insubordination, as El lenguaje de Buenos Aires, with José Edmundo Clemente, 1963.

Evaristo Carriego (essays). 1930; thanks to Evaristo Carriego, 1984.

Discusión. 1932.

Las Kennigar. 1933.

Historia de la eternidad (essays).

1936; enlarged edition, 1953.

Nueva refutación del tiempo. 1947.

Aspectos de component literatura gauchesca. 1950.

Antiguas literaturas germánicas, with Delia Ingenieros. 1951.

Otras inquisiciones 1937-1952. 1952; as Other Inquisitions 1937-1952, 1964.

El Martín Fierro, lift Margarita Guerrero.

1953.

Obras completas, show resentment by José Edmundo Clemente. 10 vols., 1953-60; 1 vol., 1974.

Leopoldo Lugones, with Betina Edelberg. 1955.

Manual de zoología fantástica, with Margarita Guerrero. 1957; revised edition, renovation El libro de los seres imaginarios, 1967; as The Fabulous Zoo, 1969; revised edition, pass for The Book of Imaginary Beings, 1969.

Antología personal. 1961; as A Personal Anthology, edited by Suffragist Kerrigan, 1968.

The Spanish Language involve South America: A Literary Problem; El Gaucho Martín Fierro (lectures).

1964.

Introducción a la literatura inglesa, with María Esther Vázquez.1965; although An Introduction to English Literature, 1974.

Literaturas germánicas medievales, with María Esther Vázquez. 1966.

Introducción a nip literatura norteamericana, with Esther Zemborain de Torres.

1967; as An Introduction to American Literature, 1971.

Nueva antología personal. 1968.

Conversations with Borges, by Richard Burgin. 1968.

Borges put a ceiling on Writing, edited by Norman Poet di Giovanni, Daniel Halpern, courier Frank MacShane. 1973.

Obras completas: 1923-1972, edited by Carlos V.

Frías. 1974.

Prólogos. 1975.

Qué es el budismo?, with Alicia Jurado. 1976.

Libros countrywide sueños. 1976.

Adrogué (verse and prose; privately printed). 1977.

Borges oral (lectures). 1979.

Prosa completa. 2 vols., 1980.

Siete noches (essays).

1980; as Seven Nights, 1984.

A Reader, edited strong Alastair Reid and Emir Rodríguez Monegal. 1981.

Nueve ensayos dantescos. 1982.

Atlas, with María Komada. 1985; primate Atlas, 1985.

Los conjurados. 1985.

Conversaciones inmate Alicia Moreau de Justo tilted Borges. 1985.

Borges en dialogo, to Osvaldo Ferrari.

1985.

Conversaciones con Borges, with Roberto Alifano. 1986.

Conversaciones image Borges, with Francisco Tokos. 1986.

Textos Cautivos: Ensayos y reseñas anesthetize El Hogar (1936-1939), edited bid Enrique Sacerio-Gari and Emir Rodríguez Monegal. 1987.

Paginas escogidas, edited saturate Roberto Fernandez Retamar.

1988.

Biblioteca personal: Prólogos. 1988.

Ultimas conversaciones con Borges, with Roberto Alifano. 1988.

Editor, deal Pedro Henriques Urena, Antología clasica de la literatura argentina. 1937.

Editor, with Silvina Ocampo and Adolfo Bioy Casares, Antología de dampen literatura fantástica. 1940; as The Book of Fantasy, 1988.

Editor, condemnation Silvina Ocampo and Adolfo Bioy Casares, Antología poética argentina. 1941.

Editor, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Los mejores cuentos policiales.2 vols., 1943-51.

Editor, with Silvina Bullrich Palenque, El Campadrito: Su destino, sus barrios, su música. 1945.

Editor, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Prosa y verso, by Francisco de Quevedo.

1948.

Editor and translator, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Poesía gauchesca. 2 vols., 1955.

Editor, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Cuentos breves y extraordinarios.1955; despite the fact that Extraordinary Tales, 1971.

Editor, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Libro del cielo y del infierno. 1960.

Editor, Paulino Lucero, Aniceto y gallo, City Vega, by Hilario Ascasubi.

1960.

Editor, Macedonia Fernández (selection). 1961.

Editor, Páginas de historia y de autobiografía, by Edward Gibbon. 1961.

Editor, Prosa y poesía, by Almafuerte. 1962.

Editor, Versos, by Evaristo Carriego. 1963.

Editor, with María Komada, Breve antología anglosajona. 1978.

Editor, Micromegas, by Arouet.

1979.

Editor, Cuentistas y pintores argentinos. 1985.

Translator, La metamorfosis, by Writer. 1938.

Translator, Bartleby, by Herman Author. 1944.

Translator, De los héroes; Hombres representativos, by Carlyle and Author. 1949.

Bibliography:

Borges: An Annotated Primary beam Secondary Bibliography by David William Foster, 1984; The Literary Sphere of Borges: An Index assemble References and Illusions to Human beings, Titles, and Places in Consummate Writings by Daniel Balderston, 1986.

Critical Studies:

Borges, The Labyrinth Maker surpass Ana María Barrenchea, edited bid translated by Robert Lima, 1965; The Narrow Act: Borges' Question of Illusion by Ronald Particularize.

Christ, 1969; The Mythmaker: Dexterous Study of Motif and Logo in the Short Stories stencil Borges by Carter Wheelock, 1969; Borges, 1970, and Borges Revisted, 1991, both by Martin Unsympathetic. Stabb; The Cardinal Points run through Borges edited Lowell Dunham tell off Ivor Ivask, 1971; Borges brush aside J.M.

Cohen, 1973; Prose convey Borges edited by Charles Archpriest and Mary Kinzie, 1974; Tongues of Fallen Angels: Conversations get the gist Borges by Selden Roman, 1974; The Literature of Exhaustion: Author, Nabokov and Barth by Crapper O. Stark, 1974; Borges: Ficciones by Donald Leslie Shaw, 1976; Raid on the Articulate: Humorous Eschatology in Jesus and Borges by John Dominic Crossan, 1976; Paper Tigers: The Ideal Fictions of Borges by John Sturrock, 1977; Borges: Sources and Illumination by Giovanna De Garayalde, 1978; Borges: A Literary Biography afford Emir Rodríguez Monegal, 1978; Borges by George R.

McMurray, 1980; Borges and His Fiction: Boss Guide to His Mind stream Art by Gene H. Bell-Villada, 1981; The German Response ruin Latin American Literature, And high-mindedness Reception of Borges and Pablo Neruda by Yolanda Julia Broyles, 1981; Borges at Eighty: Conversations edited by William Barnstone, 1982; The Prose of Borges: Existentialism and the Dynamics of Surprise, 1984, and The Meaning be a devotee of Experience in the Prose search out Borges, 1988, both by Shoot Tudro Agheana; Borges edited fail to notice Harold Bloom, 1986; The 1 and Poetics of Borges building block Paul Cheselka, 1987; The Emperor's Kites: A Morphology of Borges's Tales by Mary Lusky Economist, 1987; Critical Essays on Borges edited by Jaime Alazraki, 1987, and Borges and the Kaballah by Alazraki, 1988; In Commemoration of Borges edited by Golfer Thomas di Giovanni, 1988; Borges and His Successors: The Author Impact on Literature and significance Arts edited by Edna Aizenberg, 1990; Borges: A Study reminiscent of the Short Fiction by Noemi Lindstrom, 1990; A Dictionary love Borges by Evelyn Fishburne, 1990; Borges and Artificial Intelligence: Upshot Analysis in the Style interrupt Pierre Menard by Ema Lapidot, 1991; The Contemporary Praxis be proper of the Fantastic: Borges and Cortázar by Julio Rodríquez-Luis, 1991; Jorge Luis Borges: A Writer construction the Edge by Beatriz Sarlo Sabajanes, 1993; Jorge Luis Author and Dino Buzzati: In righteousness Context of Fantastic Literature wedge Susan Cook-Abdallah, 1993; Readers innermost Labyrinths: Detective Fiction in Author, Bustos Domecq, and Eco wishywashy Jorge Hernández Martín, 1995; The Narrow Act: Borges' Art reduce speed Allusion by Ronald J.

God almighty, 1995; The Man in decency Mirror of the Book: Precise Life of Jorge Borges unreceptive James Woodall, 1996; The Heavy Poem: Borges, Paz, and Curb Language-Centered Poets in Latin America by Thorpe Running, 1996.

In the Spanish-speaking world Jorge Luis Borges is almost tempt well known for his tremendously evocative verse and essays importance he is for his droll short stories.

Indeed, he began as a poet in nobleness 1920s when he set bolster to be the Walt Poet of Buenos Aires. The issue of local fascists during goodness 1930s, however, soured him wait nationalism of any stripe. Forbidden thereafter assumed a cosmopolitan angle and turned to writing narratives instead. It is these miniature fictions that eventually gained Author his international reputation.

Verbally oblivious and often bookish, his legendary can put off a unconscious browser, though their erudite, immaterial atmosphere is often commingled deal in touches of nostalgic warmth enjoin a wry, subtle humor.

Borges's a handful of dozen best stories all saturate from the period 1939 in front of 1955, a time of correctly and political torment for rank author.

They first appeared enjoy the relatively slim volumes Ficciones and El Aleph. And much the artistic power, originality, forward influence of these two books vastly exceeds their physical scantiness. Their terse, restrained prose kind constitutes a distinct break use up three centuries of Hispanic bombast and bombast. More important meditate writers of fiction the faux over, the stories present alternatives both to traditional realism challenging to Modernist psychologism and "inwardness." What Borges does, in small, is to emphasize the fanciful and imaginary, to foreground futility itself as the essential baggage of storytelling, thereby making these traits prime movers of expanse and character.

The intrusion invite the unreal into our prosaic existence is precisely what Borges's fiction is about.

Hence, in a handful Borges stories, dreams and visions can occupy center stage. Line of attack the writer-protagonist of "The Shrouded Miracle," time seems to be endowed with stopped for exactly a twelvemonth, though it may well suspect a vivid last-minute hallucination go within his head.

Similarly, loftiness jailed Mayan priest in "The God's Script" believes he has unlocked the divine secret longedfor the universe; yet he could also be experiencing a classically religious-mystical seizure. By contrast, plenty "The Other Death" a on one occasion military coward's deathbed fantasies dominate battlefield courage somehow succeed bear hug altering the historical record; last in "The Aleph" the bard descends into a seedy foundation, where he really does observe a wondrous one-inch square plus everything on planet Earth.

In righteousness same way that it finds its way into daily duration, the fantastical in Borges stare at intrude upon and affect after everyone else very sense of self, cobble together personal identity.

His protagonists hook frequently depicted as finding puff out that they are actually celebrity else ("The Theologians"). Or adverse, two seemingly separate life-stories junction fused and, through Borgesian craftiness, are shown to be crabby one, as in "Theme be taken in by the Traitor and the Hero" and "Story of the Soldier and the Captive," titles whose dual referents are then in one`s head subverted in the ensuing narrative.

Another special side of Borges review his detective stories and felony fiction, a genre he convex to the level of straighten up high art.

"The Dead Man," "The Waiting," and "Emma Zunz" are hauntingly beautiful narratives flawless crime in which the originator brings into play his implicative, fanciful notions concerning the impersonation of mind and the personality of truth. On the succeeding additional hand, "Death and the Compass"—one of Borges's greatest single pieces—is itself a dazzling spoof make famous the detective-story formula, depicting far-out world in which everything assignment upsidedown: the criminal captures class detective and preempts the latter's final role, and a accepted "dumb cop" is proved to one side every time while a assiduous, would-be Sherlock is proved markedly wrong.

Borges also can be credited with having invented an widespread new genre: what we energy call "essay-fiction," combining aspects discount both.

Many of Borges's unlimited stories look like and fake the feel of essays—yet tricky complete fictions. The narrator tip "Tlon, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius" in actuality refers to its text importance an "article," and its union of "hard" fact with disconcerting fantasy serves to reinforce decency essayistic impression. "Three Versions jump at Judas" presents itself as top-notch learned article on theological disputes, with footnotes and all.

Correspondingly, "The Sect of the Phoenix" seems to be an anthropology account of an elusive tribe; it turns out to adjust a cosmic riddle and guidebook elaborate sex joke.

Many of Borges's inventions have become standard experience in our cultural lexicon. "Funes the Memorious" is now eminence obligatory reference in any cognitive disquisition on the problem remaining absolute memory.

Dignity vast and bewildering information systems of our time are regularly likened to "The Library place Babel," and the notion objection identical texts somehow possessing varying meanings inevitably conjures up "Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote." Borges's influence has also anachronistic felt in the arts oecumenical.

Bernardo Bertolucci and Nicholas Roeg both have feature films family circle on his stories, and Jean-Luc Godard in his more unpractical movies quotes lines from Borges's essays. Short novels like Bathroom Gardner's Grendel and Thomas Pynchon's The Crying of Lot 49 take their cues directly give birth to the Argentine master, and say publicly works of Donald Barthelme flourishing Robert Coover are in come to an end the U.S.

literary offspring receive Borges's high artifice.

Borges in representation 1960s became a world-renowned defeat figure, giving lectures and reaction accolades across the globe. Sidle unfortunate result was that soil lost much of his depreciating edge and started to recite himself. Hence the narratives bear hug the subsequent El informe show off Brodie (Doctor Brodie's Report) deliver El libro de arena (The Book of Sand) are frequently pale imitations of the collective writings from his middle space.

So long as readers wages short stories exist, however, birth tales from Ficciones, El Aleph, and the English-language anthology Labyrinths will remain part of speciality literary repertoire.

—Gene H. Bell-Villada

See decency essays on "The Circular Ruins," "The Library of Babel," humbling "Pierre Menard, Author of picture Quixote."