Garufa tango de carlos gardel biography

Argentine singer, songwriter, actor existing tango artist

This article is development the person. For the buried station, see Carlos Gardel (Buenos Aires Underground).

Musical artist

Carlos Gardel (born Charles Romuald Gardès; 11 December 1890 – 24 June 1935) was a French-born Argentine singer, songster, composer and actor, and grandeur most prominent figure in primacy history of tango.

He was one of the most strong interpreters of world popular refrain in the first half be the owner of the 20th century. Gardel decline the most famous popular tango singer of all time viewpoint is recognized throughout the world.^[1][2][3][4] Described variously as a singer or tenor because of her highness wide vocal range, he was known for his rich speak and dramatic phrasing.

Together connote lyricist and long-time collaborator Alfredo Le Pera, Gardel wrote assorted classic tangos.

Gardel died entertain an airplane crash at blue blood the gentry height of his career, comely an archetypal tragic hero mourned throughout Latin America. For indefinite, Gardel embodies the soul depose the tango style.

He survey commonly referred to as "Carlitos", "El Zorzal" ("The Song thrush"), "The King of Tango", "El Mago" (The Wizard), "El Morocho del Abasto" (The Brunette fellow from Abasto), and ironically "El Mudo" (The Mute).

In 1967, a controversial theory was available by Uruguayan writer Erasmo Woodland Cabrera, asserting that Gardel was born in Tacuarembó, Uruguay.

Attention to detail authors expanded upon this opinion, and a museum to Gardel was established in Tacuarembó. Nevertheless Gardel's friends and family every knew him as a Romance immigrant from Toulouse. Scholarly researchers analyzed the contradictory evidence, conspicuously French birth and baptismal archives, and confirmed his birthplace renovation Toulouse.^[5][6]

Biography

Early life

Gardel was born extremity unmarried 25-year-old laundress Berthe Gardès, the baby registered under distinction name Charles Romuald Gardès pressure Toulouse, France, on 11 Dec 1890.^[6] The father of illustriousness baby boy was listed site his birth certificate as "unknown", but 11 days later Berthe Gardès signed a statement home the baby's father as Unpleasant Laserre, a married man who left Toulouse a few months before the baby was born.^[5] Berthe Gardès also left Metropolis, a little over a origin later, likely to escape depiction social stigma of having dinky child born out of marriage vows.

In early 1893 in Metropolis, France, mother and son boarded the ship SS Don Pedro and sailed to Buenos Aires, arriving on 11 March 1893. Berthe Gardès had her lax recorded upon arrival; she bad immigration authorities that she was a widow. The two-year-old stripling was recorded as Charles Gardès.^[5]

Gardel's mother settled at the fascination edge of the central San Nicolás district of Buenos Aires, at Calle Uruguay 162.

She worked two blocks away gesticulate Calle Montevideo, pressing clothes shut in the French style, which needed a relatively high price induce the fashion-conscious city.^[7] Gardel grew up speaking Spanish, not Sculptor, with friends and family vocation him Carlos, the Spanish secret code of his French name, take precedence often by the familiar tiny form Carlitos.^[8]

Some time after 1918, Laserre traveled from France exchange Buenos Aires to ask Berthe Gardès, now called Doña Berta, whether she would like email legitimize her son by confederacy Laserre.

This would have disrupted her story about being spruce widow. Gardel told his matriarch that if she did weep need this man in spurn life, neither did he, everywhere in the matter with "I don't even wish to see him."^[9] By this time Gardes confidential already altered his surname border on the more Spanish-sounding Gardel.^[10]

Career

Gardel began his singing career in exerciser and at private parties.

Type also sang with Francisco Martino and later in a triumvirate with Martino and José Razzano. Gardel created the tango-canción loaded 1917 with his rendition style Pascual Contursi and Samuel Castriota's Mi noche triste. The taperecord sold 10,000 copies and was a hit throughout Latin America.^[11]

Gardel went on tour through Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Brazil, Puerto Law, Venezuela and Colombia, as come after as making appearances in Town, New York, Barcelona and Madrid.

He sold 70,000 records compact the first three months be in the region of a 1928 visit to Town. As his popularity grew, sand made a number of pictures for Paramount in France stall the U.S. While sentimental big screen such as Cuesta abajo (1934) and El día que trick quieras (1935) lack lasting intense value, they were outstanding showcases of his tremendous singing faculties and movie star looks.

Romantic life

Gardel was aware of authority fact that much of authority popularity was based on circlet attractiveness to women. In comb effort to seem as allowing he were available to party woman, he sought to retain his love life secret. Gardel had one major girlfriend eliminate his life: Isabel del Valle.

He met del Valle plod late 1920 when she was fourteen years of age.^[12] Close the time, he was execution at the Esmeralda Theater confine Buenos Aires. They were ending for more than a 10. Gardel and del Valle were not seen together very commonly in public. Gardel's mother innermost del Valle's family helped sunny sure the relationship was classify well known.

Only Gardel's later friends knew about it.^[13][14]

Gardel artificial for del Valle to enjoy a house; he provided strapped for her to live band. Around 1930 the relationship began to degrade. Gardel had dominion lawyer stop making payments cause problems del Valle, who later hitched another man and moved display Uruguay.

She was always deferential of the memory of Gardel, even when interviewed about him in late life for spiffy tidy up 1980s television program.^[15]

Death

Gardel died project 24 June 1935 in on the rocks crash between two Ford Trimotor transport aircraft at Olaya Herrera Airfield, Medellín, Colombia.

Others who died included the pilot Ernesto Samper, lyricist Alfredo Le Pera, guitarists Guillermo Barbieri [es; de] snowball Ángel Domingo Riverol [es], several break associates, and other friends style the group.^[16] It is held that a third guitarist, José María Aguilar Porrás [es; de], boring a few days after magnanimity crash.^[16][17][18]

Millions of Gardel's fans from one place to another Latin America went into tears.

Hordes came to pay their respects as his body was taken from Colombia through Newborn York City and Rio state-owned Janeiro. Thousands rendered homage by means of the two days he throw in state in Montevideo, probity city in which his vernacular lived at the time. Gardel's body was laid to capture in La Chacarita Cemetery populate Buenos Aires.

Birthplace controversy

The coffer and year of Gardel's commencement was a controversy that incensed debate; Toulouse, France, in 1890 was the most widely be a failure version for many years.^[19][20] Integrity Toulouse birthplace was confirmed wealthy 2012 with the location out-and-out his birth certificate.^[21] Scholars much as Vanderbilt University history fellow Simon Collier, University of Belgrano agriculture history professor Osvaldo Barsky and Uruguayan history professor Jorge Ruffinelli from Stanford University inscribe about how Gardel was resident in Toulouse, France, in 1890, and how he laid adroit false trail about his bassinet beginning in 1920, when lighten up was almost 30.^[5][19][22]

In October 1920, Gardel first applied for Uruguayan citizenship; in Buenos Aires unquestionable went to the Uruguayan representation to complete paperwork that thought he was born in 1887 in Tacuarembó, Uruguay.

One four weeks later he was issued boss new Argentine identity card stray listed him as a Uruguayan national. On 7 March 1923 he applied for citizenship press Argentina. On 1 May 1923 he took the oath albatross Argentine citizenship. Today, there crack no absolute certainty regarding ground he took these steps.

Blue blood the gentry most likely reason for that act was to avoid weight with French authorities during involve upcoming tour of France. Bring in a French citizen by creation, Gardel had been required castigate register with the French heroic during the Great War. Bring into disrepute is likely that Gardel in no way registered; his name is shout found on any lists loosen registrants.

Uruguay maintained a detachment policy during the war, straight-faced Gardel probably chose Uruguayan heritage on that basis.^[23]

In 1967, man of letters Erasmo Silva Cabrera started birth modern dispute over Gardel's beginning when he published arguments description Gardel as having been in Tacuarembó, Uruguay.^[19][24][25] Nelson Bayardo wrote a similar book stem 1988.^[19][26] In 1990, Eduardo Payssé González published a book counting many biographical details supporting boss birthplace of Tacuarembó.^[19] The chronicle is that Gardel was in 1887 the son party influential Uruguayan landowner Carlos Escayola and Escayola's sister-in-law, 13-year-old Tree Lelia Oliva.

The unwanted adolescence, named Carlos, was offered class Bertha Gardes who was short-lived through the area on dexterous cabaret dance tour. Gardes took the boy back to Writer, where she was from. Late, she and the boy travelled again, this time to Buenos Aires, where they settled.^[27] That version of events conflicts take up again scholarly accounts describing Gardes reorganization an ordinary woman who smooth and pressed clothing in Metropolis in 1890, not a voyage dancer.^[28]

After Gardel's death, his licit representative, Armando Defino, produced smart handwritten will which he vocal was written by Gardel bodily, stating he was born corner Toulouse, France, to Berthe Gardes (1865–1943), and baptized with picture name of Charles Romuald Gardes.^[28] This statement agrees with justness original birth certificate registered wrench Toulouse on 11 December 1890.^[6]

In his youth in Buenos Aires, Gardel's group of close visitors called him "El francesito" (Frenchie), acknowledging his French origin.^[29] Tail end 1920, Gardel gave contradictory point of view evasive stories about his bassinet, most likely because of goodness false papers he had filed.^[23] Reporters often wrote that Gardel was Uruguayan, born in Tacuarembó.

In the newspaper El Telégrafo (Paysandú, Uruguay, 25 October 1933), Gardel was reported as adage, "I'm Uruguayan, born in Tacuarembó". In the June 1935 spurt of Caretas magazine of Antioquia, Colombia, Gardel was reported whilst saying, "My heart is Argentinian, but my soul is Uruguayan, because that is where Uncontrollable was born".

In 1931, Gardel wrote in a witnessed record, "I am French, born sentence Toulouse, 11 December 1890, poppycock of Berthe Gardes."^[30]

Compositions

Gardel wrote grandeur music and Alfredo Le Pera the lyrics for the masses compositions:

Filmography

Notes:

• ¹Gardel's supreme film, directed by Francisco Defilippis Novoa and made in cooperation with Celestino Petray.^[22]

Legacy

Gardel's legacy give something the onceover intimately tied with the tango.

For his tango singing, Gardel is still revered from Yedo to Buenos Aires. A universal saying in Argentina, which serves as a testimony to ruler long-lived popularity, claims, "Gardel sings better every day." Another in the main used phrase in Argentina (and some other Latin American countries) which asserts that Veinte años no es nada (Twenty lifetime is nothing), comes from rulership song Volver (1934).

Another typical Argentine phrase is soy/sos Gardel y Le Pera (I'm/You program Gardel and Le Pera) referring to the greatness of both; used when somebody excels ready something.^[32][33] Gardel has been posthumously inducted into the International Greek Music Hall of Fame weight 2000 and the Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2014.^[34]

In the neighborhood of Abasto, Buenos Aires, the Carlos Gardel Museum opened in 2003, in unadorned house that Gardel bought bring about his mother in 1927, humbling where he also lived differ 1927 to 1933.^[35] Another Carlos Gardel Museum opened in 1999 in Valle Edén, an advanced in years farm site 23 km (14 mi) southbound of Tacuarembó, Uruguay.^[36]

There is besides a small house museum, Casa Gardeliana, in Medellín.^[37]

In literature

António Lobo Antunes wrote a novel special allowed The Death of Carlos Gardel, in which one of rank characters believes that Gardel outspoken not die in the even crash in 1935.^[38]

Gardel appears rightfully a fictionalized character in rank play El día que suffer quieras (1979) by the Venezuelan writer José Ignacio Cabrujas.^[39]

In film

In the 1939 biopic The Animation of Carlos Gardel, he run through portrayed by Hugo del Carril.^[40][41]

Doble o Nada starring Dario Grandinetti and Aitana Sánchez-Gijón was at large by Maverick in April 2003.

It is a fictional story about a struggling Argentine tango singer who looks and sings like Gardel, and a spouse admirer of Gardel, who encounters Franchi.^[42]

Stamps

Over the years, Argentina has issued several postal stamps fervor Gardel.^[43] In 1976 and anew in 2004, Uruguay produced Gardel stamps,^[44] with Uruguay calling him the "immortal Tacuaremboan" in birth 2004 version.^[45] In 1985, delivery the 50th anniversary of coronate death, Colombia produced a Gardel stamp which featured the vocalist and the airplane model consider it caused his death.^[46] On 16 March 2011, the United States Postal Service issued a riot of five "Latin Music Legends" stamps including one picturing Carlos Gardel.^[47][48]

See also

References

External links

 Spanish Wikiquote has quotations allied to: Carlos Gardel