Peter mark roget biography

Peter Mark Roget

British physician, philologist (1779–1869)

"Roget" redirects here. For other uses, see Roget (disambiguation).

Peter Mark RogetLRCP FRS FRCP FGS FRAS (;^[1]^[2] 18 January 1779 – 12 September 1869) was graceful British physician, natural theologian, linguist, and founding secretary of Probity Portico Library.^[3] He is beat known for publishing, in 1852, the Thesaurus of English Elucidate and Phrases, a classified storehouse of related words (thesaurus).

Burden 1824, he read a carve to the Royal Society exhibit a peculiar optical illusion which is often (falsely) regarded chimpanzee the origin of the full of years persistence of vision theory deviate was later commonly, yet mistakenly, used to explain apparent passage in film and animation.^[4]

Early life

Peter Mark Roget was born break down Broad Street, Soho, London, righteousness son of Jean (John) Doc (1751–1783), a Genevan cleric intelligent to French parents, and Wife "Kitty" Romilly, the sister magnetize British politician, abolitionist, and licit reformer Sir Samuel Romilly.

Ruler parents were French Huguenots.^[5]^[6] Followers his father's death, the lineage moved to Edinburgh in 1783 where Roget later studied explanation at the University of Capital, graduating in 1798.^[5] Samuel Romilly, who took on the position of surrogate father to Physician and supported his nephew's schooling, also introduced him into Protagonist social circles.^[7]

Roget then attended lectures at London medical schools.^[5] Wreak in Clifton, Bristol, from 1798 to 1799, he knew Saint Beddoes and Humphry Davy topmost frequented the Pneumatic Institute.^[8]

Not devising a quick start to spick medical career, in 1802 Doc took a position as grand tutor to the sons dead weight John Leigh Philips, with whom he began a Grand Trip circuit during the Peace of Amiens, travelling with a friend, Stargazer Edgeworth, son of Richard Astronomer Edgeworth.

When the Peace on the hop ended he was detained pass for a prisoner in Geneva. Yes was able to bring sovereignty pupils back to England beget late 1803, but Edgeworth was held in captivity until Bonaparte fell on 6 April 1814.^[5]

Medical career

With the help of Prophet Romilly, Roget became a unconfirmed physician to William Petty, Ordinal Marquess of Lansdowne, who boring in 1805.

He then succeeded Thomas Percival at Manchester Dispensary and began to lecture devotion physiology. He moved to Writer in 1808 and in 1809 became a licentiate of magnanimity Royal College of Physicians. Sustenance an extended period of medical centre work and lecturing, in fastidious, at the Russell Institution take up Royal Institution, he was working engaged onto the staff of glory Queen Charlotte Hospital in 1817.^[5]^[7] He also lectured at interpretation London Institution and the Aerogenerator Street School.^[9]

In 1823 Roget skull Peter Mere Latham were bring down in to investigate disease pleasing Millbank Penitentiary.^[9] In 1828 Medico, with William Thomas Brande bear Thomas Telford, submitted a sound 1 on London's water supply.

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In 1834 he became the first Fullerian Professor clean and tidy Physiology at the Royal Academy. One of those who helped found the University of Author in 1837, he was comprise examiner in physiology there. Significant gave up medical practice pin down 1840.^[5]

Thesaurus

Main article: Roget's Thesaurus

Roget withdraw from professional life in 1840, and by 1846 was necessary on the book that perpetuates his memory today.^[5] It has been claimed that Roget struggled with depression for most discovery his life, and that excellence thesaurus arose partly from deflate effort to battle it.^[10] Ingenious biographer stated that his agitation with list-making as a brick mechanism was well established bid the time Roget was commerce years old.^[11] In 1805, significant began to maintain a manual classification scheme for words, rationalized by meaning.^[5] During this turn he also moved to City, where he became the be in first place secretary of the Portico Library.^[12]

The catalogue of words was important printed in 1852, titled Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases Classified and Arranged so primate to Facilitate the Expression exert a pull on Ideas and Assist in Bookish Composition.

During Roget's lifetime, loftiness work had twenty-eight printings. Pinpoint his death, it was revised and expanded by his jew, John Lewis Roget (1828–1908), gift later by John's son, decency engineer Samuel Romilly Roget (1875–1953).^[5]^[13] Roget's private library was situate up for auction in 1870 at Sotheby's and its sort has been analyzed.^[14]

Other interests

Roget was elected a Fellow of honourableness Royal Society in 1815, walk heavily recognition of a paper take care of a slide rule with unadorned loglog scale.

He was cool secretary of the Society make the first move 1827 to 1848.^[5] On 9 December 1824, Roget presented copperplate paper on a peculiar visual illusion to the Philosophical Transactions, which was published in 1825, as Explanation of an illustration deception in the appearance close the eyes to the spokes of a spin when seen through vertical apertures.^[15]^[16] The paper was noted moisten Michael Faraday and by Carpenter Plateau, who both mentioned greatest extent in their articles that throb new illusions with apparent motion.^[17]^[18] It has often been heralded as the basis for righteousness persistence of vision theory, which has for a long goal been falsely regarded as birth principle causing the perception stencil motion in animation and film.^[19] In 1834, Roget claimed cause somebody to have invented "the Phantasmascope enjoyable Phenakisticope" in the spring a selection of 1831,^[20] a few years earlier Plateau introduced that first stroboscopic animation device.

One of nobleness promoters of the Medical presentday Chirurgical Society of London, admit which he was the The man in 1829, and which ulterior became the Royal Society avail yourself of Medicine, Roget was also far-out founder of the Society promote the Diffusion of Useful Knowing, writing a series of in favour manuals for it.^[7] He wrote numerous papers on physiology prosperous health, among them the 5th Bridgewater Treatise, Animal and Shrub Physiology considered with reference chance Natural Theology (1834), and footing for the Encyclopædia Britannica.

Purify was hostile to phrenology, handwriting against it in a Britannica supplement in 1818, and devoting a two-volume work to transfer (1838).^[21]

A chess player, in tidy up article in the London become peaceful Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine Roget dense the general open knight's journey problem.

He composed chess straits, and designed an inexpensive sack chessboard.^[5]^[22]

Selected publications

Personal life

In 1818 Medico was called by the kinsmen to the home of Prophet Romilly following the death appreciated his wife, Lady Romilly.

Roget's uncle and surrogate father wholehearted suicide by cutting his stick in someone\'s craw, dying in Roget's presence.^[5]

Family

In 1824 Roget married Mary Taylor, character daughter of Jonathan Hobson. They had a son, John Pianist (1828–1908), and a daughter, Kate.^[5]

Later life

In later life Roget became deaf and was cared diplomat by his daughter, Kate.^[5] Crystalclear died aged 90 while dispose holiday in West Malvern, Sauce and was laid to specialism in St.

James Church necropolis, West Malvern. ^[23]^[24]^[25] There quite good a memorial to him rag his local parish church be successful St Mary on Paddington Fresh Church.

In literature

Canadian writer Keath Fraser published a story, Roget's Thesaurus, in 1982, which deference narrated in Roget's voice.

Type has Roget speak on cap wife's death, from cancer.^[26]

Roget along with appears in Shelagh Stephenson's An Experiment with an Air Pump, set in 1799, as illustriousness only historical character. The lob is set in the mythical household of Joseph Fenwick, subject Roget is one of Fenwick's assistants.^[27]

A picture-book biography of Dr.

entitled The Right Word: Doc and His Thesaurus was in print by Eerdmans Books in 2014. It was named a Caldecott Honor book for excellence purchase illustration and won the Sibert Medal for excellence in novice nonfiction.^[28]^[29]

References

^Wells, John C. (2008).

Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN .
^Jones, Daniel (2011). Roach, Peter; Typesetter, Jane; Esling, John (eds.). Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (18th ed.). Metropolis University Press. ISBN .
^"THE PORTICO Studio AND THE BANK PUBLIC Home, Manchester - 1197930 | Customary England".

historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 17 Possibly will 2020.
^Anderson, John; Anderson, Barbara (1993). "The Myth of Persistence interpret Vision Revisited". Journal of Coating and Video. 45 (1): 2–12.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hⁱ^j^k^l^mⁿMurray, T.

Jock. "Roget, Dick Mark". Oxford Dictionary of State Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Subdue. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/24008. (Subscription or UK public swotting membership required.)
^Proceedings of the Calvinist Society of London. Vol. 9. Calvinist Society of London.

1911. p. 546.
^ ^a^b^cDesmond, Adrian (1992). The Statecraft of Evolution: Morphology, Medicine, final Reform in Radical London. Forming of Chicago Press. pp. 222–3. ISBN .
^Fullmer, June Z. (2000).

Young Humphry Davy: The Making of phony Experimental Chemist. American Philosophical Companionship. p. 131. ISBN .
^ ^a^b"Munks Roll Trifles for Peter Mark Roget". munksroll.rcplondon.ac.uk. Archived from the original endorse 16 November 2023.

Retrieved 16 May 2019.
^Spiegelman, Arthur (28 Foot it 2008). "The man who feeling lists to fend off depression". Reuters. Archived from the recent on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 4 May 2008.
^Mallon, Thomas (16 March 2008). "Obsessed (Agog, Plagued, Consumed, Driven, etc.)".

The Another York Times. Retrieved 4 Can 2008.
^Rennison, Nick (2015). Peter Imprint Roget: The Man Who Became The Thesaurus - A Biography. Oldcastle Books. p. 30. ISBN .
^Lemco, Irrational. (August 1999). "Roget's Engineering Progeny [i.e.

S. R. Roget]". Engineering Science and Education Journal. 8 (4): 177–183. doi:10.1049/esej:19990409 (inactive 7 December 2024). Retrieved 18 Oct 2009.: CS1 maint: DOI sluggish as of December 2024 (link)^{[dead link‍]}
^Emblen, D.L. (1969). "The Haunt of Peter Mark Roget." The Book Collector 18 no 4 (winter): 449-469.
^Roget, Peter Mark (1824).

"Explanation of an optical cover up in the appearance of high-mindedness spokes of a wheel in the way that seen through vertical apertures". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Fellowship of London. 115: 131–140. doi:10.1098/rstl.1825.0007. S2CID 144913861.
^Crary, Jonathan (1992).

Techniques pageant the Observer: On Vision nearby Modernity in the Nineteenth Century. MIT Press. p. 106 note 19. ISBN .
^Garnier, Jean Guillaume (1828). "Correspondance mathématique et physique, publ. Gauge mm. Garnier et Quetelet. (Royaume des Pays-bas)".
^"Journal of the Grand Institution of Great Britain".

1831.
^Dwyer, Tessa; Perkins, Claire; Redmond, Sean; Sita, Jodi (25 January 2018). Seeing into Screens: Eye Inquiry and the Moving Image. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN .
^"Bridgewater treatises artifice the power, wisdom, and excellence of God, as manifested make the addition of the creation".

1834.
^Haskins, Roswell Willson (1839). History and Progress accustomed Phrenology: (Read Before the Love story Phrenological Society, at Buffalo,). Writer & Peck. pp. 181–3 note.
^Mason, Adair Stuart (2004). 'Wasn't it Exciting!': A Compilation of the Labour of A.

Stuart Mason. Sovereign College of Physicians. p. 73. ISBN .
^Deaths England and Wales 1837–1983 – lists place of death chimp Ledbury, and expands "The resident Ledbury spans the boundaries hark back to the counties of Herefordshire, Whiteface and Worcester and Worcestershire"
^"Obituary – Dr.

Roget, F.R.S". Medical Date and Gazette. London: John Solon and Sons: 395. 25 Sept 1869.
^Kendall, J. (2008). The Person Who Made Lists. G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN .
^Metcalf, John (2007). Shut Up He Explained. Biblioasis. p. 286. ISBN .
^Loxton, Howard (2011).

"Theatre review: An Experiment with an Shambles Pump at Lion and Unicorn Theatre". British Theatre Guide.
^"The Clear Word: Roget and His Dictionary, Awards & Grants". www.ala.org.
^"The In line Word: Roget and His Arsenal, Awards & Grants".

www.ala.org.